Reference

Glossary & Methodology

What NGScorecard tracks, what every status label and budget term means, and how ratings, sourcing, and corrections actually work.

Methodology v1.7 · last reviewed 25 September 2026 · change log

1 What counts as a trackable promise

The same test is applied to every president and governor, so the counts on one scorecard mean the same thing as the counts on another.

Included
A specific, public commitment the officeholder or their campaign made before or at the start of the term — from a manifesto, the inauguration address, an official agenda document (the Renewed Hope Agenda, the Seven-Point Agenda, and so on), a budget speech, or a pledge widely reported at the time. It has to be concrete enough to check: a target, a project, a named reform.
Who made it
Every promise says who made it: the candidate or their party (a manifesto or campaign document), the officeholder personally (a speech, a budget address, or an initiative they launched), or a minister or agency. A target set by a minister or agency for something the officeholder already promised is not a new promise; it is recorded as evidence under the original promise. A missed ministerial deadline does not by itself make a promise Broken — the rating follows the officeholder's own commitment and date. A commitment made only by a minister or agency, with no officeholder pledge behind it, is tracked under Ministers, not as a campaign promise.
Manifestos and sources
Promises are taken from documents published before the election. Not every candidate publishes a personal manifesto, so each administration's Manifesto tab shows one of four states: a candidate manifesto on record; a party manifesto only (promises come from the party document and are labelled as party promises); none located (we searched and found neither — this means nothing was located, not that nothing exists); or not yet researched. We do not infer promises from actions or reputation, and we link to public sources rather than hosting copies.
Tracked separately
Problems the administration did not create but publicly took ownership of appear under Inherited Fixes — rated on the same four-point scale, but kept apart from campaign promises.
Excluded
Aspirational rhetoric with nothing measurable in it; one-off remarks that were never part of a documented platform; commitments made by party figures who did not hold the office; and statements made after the fact to describe policy that already existed.
Selection within a term
We track the most prominent and consequential promises across a fixed set of areas — economy, security, governance, infrastructure, power, health, education, and rights. Where an agenda has official pillars, we track against those pillars rather than picking a favourable subset.

A promise being hard to assess is not a reason to leave it out — it's a reason to rate it In progress and keep checking.

2 Promise ratings

Every tracked promise — and every entry in Inherited Fixes — gets one of four ratings, based on the evidence linked to it.

Kept
The promised thing actually happened, at roughly the promised scale, confirmed by an official record or by independent reporting that agrees. An announcement or a launch is not "kept" — delivery is.
Partial
There is documented progress — money released, a project under way, a bill introduced, a measurable but incomplete improvement — that falls short of the promise's scale, scope, or timeline.
Broken
The term, or the promise's own deadline, has passed with no meaningful action; or the promise was explicitly abandoned; or the measured outcome moved in the opposite direction.
In progress
The stated timeline hasn't passed and work is genuinely under way. Used sparingly and revisited every review cycle — it is not a permanent resting place. Shown as "Pending" in raw data.
Not yet assessed
The promise is recorded and sourced, but its outcome has not yet been checked against evidence. Used for promises from completed terms until they are assessed; it is not a rating, and unassessed promises are left out of kept percentages.

When sources disagree, the more independent and more recent one is preferred, and the disagreement is noted in the assessment. Absence of evidence is not treated as failure: if nothing is verifiable either way and the deadline hasn't passed, the rating stays In progress; if the deadline has passed with no sign of action, that is Broken.

3 Status terms by category

"Kept vs. broken" doesn't fit a court case or an appointment, so every other category has its own status vocabulary.

Fraud cases
Convicted
A court has returned a guilty verdict.
Ongoing
Investigation or prosecution is still in progress.
Dismissed
Charges were dropped or the case was thrown out.
Acquitted
A court found the accused not guilty.
Abated
The defendant died before a verdict, so the case ended without one.

Each fraud case also carries a separate government response rating — Pursuing, Stalled, Politicised, Abandoned, or No interference — describing how the government itself has handled the allegation, independent of the case's legal outcome.

Executive orders
Implemented
The order has been executed and had a real, observable effect.
Partial
The order or its enforcement is incomplete.
Reversed
Overturned by the same administration, a later one, or a court.
Ignored
Issued but not enforced.
Ministers & commissioners
Good / Fair / Poor
A qualitative read on delivery against the ministry's stated mandate, based on reported outcomes.
Sacked
Removed from office by the president or governor.
Resigned
Left the role voluntarily.
Bills
Passed
Signed into law.
Partial
Passed one chamber, heavily amended, or stalled after passing.
In progress
Still moving through the legislative process.
Abandoned
Withdrawn, or lapsed without further action.
Appointments
Serving
Currently in the role.
Resigned
Left voluntarily.
Sacked
Removed from the role.
Court judgments
Govt Won / Govt Lost
The outcome of the ruling, from the government's side.
Settled
Resolved outside a verdict — e.g. a negotiated settlement.
Ongoing
Still before the court.

4 Budget terms

Where a figure isn't publicly available, the field is left blank rather than estimated — see Sourcing & review.

Total budget
The full amount appropriated for the year.
Revenue (projected)
The income the budget assumes will come in, set when the budget was passed.
Revenue (actual)
What was actually collected, once officially reported.
Deficit
The gap between spending and revenue, typically covered by borrowing.
Debt service
The portion of the budget spent servicing existing debt, before anything else is funded.
Implementation rate
The share of the appropriated budget actually spent or released.
Allocation vs. Released
Per ministry: Allocation is what was budgeted to it; Released is what was actually disbursed.

5 Other terms

Geopolitical zone
Nigeria's six informal regional groupings, used mainly in Appointments to check regional balance:
North Central
North East
North West
South East
South South
South West

6 Sourcing & review

Every entry — a promise, a fraud case, a budget line, an order — is dated and linked to its original source. Nothing is rated without a linked reference, and ratings are a judgment call made against that evidence, not an automated calculation.

What counts as a source
Primary & official records
Government gazettes and budget documents, data from the NBS, CBN and DMO, court filings and judgments, official agency reports. The strongest basis for a rating.
Established independent reporting
Nigerian and international outlets with editorial standards and a public corrections process.
Named expert & civil-society research
Analysis from bodies such as BudgIT or transparency organisations — used for context and to cross-check the records above.
Not used on its own
Anonymous social media, partisan press releases, and government or opposition claims that can't be independently checked. A government's own claim may be quoted, but is labelled as a claim, not as confirmation.
On numbers

NGScorecard doesn't publish estimates dressed up as facts. Where an official figure hasn't been published — an unreleased state budget line, for instance — the field is left blank rather than filled with a computed guess. Blank means "not published," not "zero."

Review cadence

Each administration carries a reviewed date: the last time every entry under it was re-checked against current evidence. Sitting administrations are re-reviewed on a rolling basis — at least twice a year, and after major events such as a budget, an election, or a significant court ruling. Former administrations stay frozen at their final review unless new evidence emerges.

Corrections & re-rating

If you think an entry is wrong, outdated, or missing context, use the "Report an issue" button on that entry's card — it opens a short form (what's wrong, a better source if you have one, an optional way to reach you) that goes straight into a moderation queue. If you'd rather not use the form, you can email mubaraqsanusi908@gmail.com instead. Either way, corrections are made promptly and noted on the entry. If this methodology itself changes in a way that affects existing ratings, those ratings are re-checked against the new standard within one review cycle, and the change is recorded in the change log below.

7 Coverage & gaps

Not everything is tracked to the same depth. This section says what is covered, how far back, and what is deliberately or unavoidably thin — so a short scorecard is read as a limit of the record, not a verdict.

What is covered
Federal
Every national government since independence — the five elected Fourth Republic presidents (Obasanjo to Tinubu), and, at less depth, the military and interim heads of state and the First and Second Republic governments back to Tafawa Balewa in 1960.
States
Fourth Republic governors, fullest from 2015 on and running back through the Obasanjo years (1999–2007) so every state has at least its governor of that period on record. Coverage now also reaches the pre-1999 elected state governments — the 19 Second Republic governors (1979–1983) and all 30 Third Republic governors (1992–1993) — around 195 state administrations in all.
Not yet covered
Military-appointed state administrators (1967–1979, 1984–1999) — several hundred officers, most serving a year or two with no manifesto — and the local-government tier. These are possible future additions, not current data.
Why some scorecards are short

Depth follows the evidence. A recent administration has a contemporaneous paper trail; a 1999–2003 state government often does not, and a 1979–1983 or 1992–1993 one rarely does. Where the public record only supports a handful of checkable entries, that is all that is published — an empty section is better than one padded with unsourced claims. In particular, budget and economic-indicator series for most states before about 2010 were never published in a form that can be cited, so those sections are blank for every pre-1999 governor and many later ones. The Third Republic scorecards are uniformly short: that tier of government lasted under two years before it was dissolved.

Interim sources

A source review in September 2026 found and replaced a large number of dead or unverifiable links across the older records. Some were replaced with encyclopaedic or archived references while the underlying primary documents are tracked down. Entries still resting on a weaker source (see the hierarchy in section 6) are being worked back up it; a card's source is always the current best available, and "Report an issue" is the fastest way to point us at a better one.

8 Independence & openness

A tracker that grades politicians is only worth reading if the grades aren't for sale — and it's more useful to everyone if the work is free to read, check, and reuse.

What this is
A free, open civic-accountability project — a public good, not a business. Anyone can read it, cite it, or build on it.
Who decides ratings
Ratings are set by the project's editors against the published methodology (sections 1–2). No subject, source, or sponsor sees or approves a rating before it goes live.
Funding
The project is not run for profit. It takes no money from any government, political party, candidate, or campaign, anywhere. If it ever charges for anything (for example bulk API access), that is only to keep the free version running — it stays entirely separate from the rating process, and any sponsorship is disclosed here.
Open by default
The dataset is freely published for anyone to read, download and reuse; the source code is private and not open-sourced. Corrections, evidence, and translations from the public are welcome — see section 6, or "Report an issue" on any card.
Ownership
An independent project — not affiliated with, endorsed by, or operated on behalf of any government body or political organisation.
Corrections over reputation
When an entry is wrong it is changed and logged (section 9), not defended. Every claim links to its source (section 6) so you can check the work rather than take it on trust.

9 Change log

Material changes to how promises are selected or rated are recorded here, newest first. Wording fixes and clarifications that don't move any rating are not logged.

v1.7 25 Sep 2026
Added a Capital Projects tab: named infrastructure (roads, rail, power, hospitals, schools) tracked by budget allocated versus amount spent and physical completion, alongside a completed/ongoing/stalled/abandoned status. This is the physical-delivery counterpart to the Budget tab, which tracks allocation by ministry, not by named project. No existing rating criteria changed.
v1.6 20 Sep 2026
Added "Who made it" to the inclusion rules and a "Manifestos and sources" statement (the four states shown on each administration's Manifesto tab), and a "Not yet assessed" status for recorded promises whose outcome has not been checked (left out of kept percentages). Promises that rested on a minister's or agency's deadline will be re-checked against the officeholder's own commitment, and each change is logged on the entry. No other rating criteria changed.
v1.5 19 Sep 2026
Section 8 restated: the dataset remains openly published, but the source code is private and is no longer described as open source. No rating criteria changed.
v1.4 7 Sep 2026
State coverage extended below 1999 to the pre-1999 elected governments: the 19 Second Republic governors (1979–1983) and all 30 Third Republic governors (1992–1993). Military-appointed state administrators remain out of scope. Section 7 updated accordingly. No rating criteria changed.
v1.3 7 Sep 2026
Added section 7, "Coverage & gaps": what is and isn't tracked, why some older scorecards are short, and a note on the September 2026 source review. State coverage extended back through the Obasanjo years (1999–2007); federal coverage extended back to independence (1960), at reduced depth, for the military, interim and First/Second Republic governments. Military-era "promises" are read as stated programmes and agenda documents (section 1). No rating criteria changed.
v1.2 31 Aug 2026
Section 7 restated as "Independence & openness": NGScorecard is a free, open public good; any paid layer only sustains the free version. No rating criteria changed.
v1.1 31 Aug 2026
Added section 7, Independence — a written statement of who sets ratings, the funding policy, and ownership. No rating criteria changed.
v1.0 31 Aug 2026
First published methodology. Writes down the standard already in use: the inclusion test for promises (section 1), the evidence bar for the four ratings (section 2), the source hierarchy, and the review cadence. No ratings changed as a result.